A common ailment in dry dusty climate it causes limitation of work due to continuous painful irritation and rapid spread to others. It occurs mostly in children and young adults. Predominantly infective in origin caused by viruses, bacteria and fungi, it may also be due to chemicals, irritation and allergy. The patient experiences considerable pain, grittiness, photophobia (difficulty in vision in even normally lit surroundings), pus or watery discharge and redness of eyes. On examination the conjunctiva looks congested with flakes of pus. The discharge is watery in viral and pus filled in bacterial conjunctivitis. Any discharge and inflammation of eyes in infants less than a month is called ophthalmia neonatorum. Conjunctivitis is an acute disease diminishing in severity rapidly, becoming a chronic less symptomatic condition or resolving completely. Frequent rubbing of eyes with unclean hands predisposes the infection. Transmission occurs by direct contact, through mechanical vectors and fomites (inanimate objects). It is complicated by spread to cornea, eyelids and iris. Ulcers which heal by opacification will hinder vision. Treatment is by topical application of antibiotic and moisturizing eye drops. Dark goggles can be used to protect eyes and prevent spread. Oral antibiotics are given to treat systemic source of infection.